This makes skiing much easier to learn, because the skis turn with much
less effort when placed on edge. Such skis were once termed carving
skis, shaped skis, or parabolic skis to differentiate them from the
more traditional straighter skis, but nearly all modern recreational
skis are produced with a large degree of side cut.
The ski is turned by applying pressure, rotation and edge
angle. When the ski is set at an angle the edge cuts into the snow, the
ski will follow the arc and hence turn the skier; a practice known as
carving a turn. While old fashioned "straight skis" which had little
side cut could carve turns, great leg strength was required to generate
the enormous pressure necessary to flex them into a curved shape for
carving, a shape called "reverse camber".
The Vacation Station Website :These
rides vary highly in their size of the group (from solo cyclists, group
rides, to large organized rides with hundreds to thousands of riders),
in their length (from a few miles to Century rides of 100 miles — or
longer), in their purpose (from riding for pleasure to raising money
for a charitable organization) and in their methods of support (from
self-supported day rides, to organized rides where cyclists pay for
support or accommodations provided by event organizers — including rest
and refreshment stops, marshalling to aid safety, and SAG service.
Journeys
can equally be shorter and more anonymous. Cyclo-Camping International
makes a point of including shorter tours with children in its annual
presentation in Paris. But children have been the stimulus for longer
journeys. Among tours featured by Cyclo-Camping International has been
one by Brigitte and Nicolas Mercat and their three children, five,
seven and nine when they left France in July 2002. They rode through
Peru, Bolivia, Argentina, Chile, New Zealand, New Caledonia and
Indonesia. They taught their children from school books as they rode
and returned to Chambéry to find that not only were they ahead of their
classmates but they had learned several languages on the way.
Cyclists travel extensively, often through developing nations
or remote areas. The bicycle is loaded with food, spares, tools, and
camping equipment so that the traveller is largely self-supporting.
Supported touring
The Vacation Station Info :
Touring bike
Main article: Touring bicycle
Cycle touring beyond the range of a day trip may need a bike
capable of carrying heavy loads. Although many different bicycles can
be used, most cycle tourists prefer a touring bike built for the loads
and which can be ridden more comfortably over long distances. A typical
bicycle would have a longer wheelbase for stability and heel clearance,
frame fittings for front and rear pannier racks, additional water
bottle mounts, frame fittings for front and rear mudguards/fenders, a
broader range of gearing to cope with the increased weight, and touring
tires which are wider and more puncture-resistant.
Fully-loaded touring recumbent
Single-wheel trailer
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Origins
Bicycle touring is an activity as old as the bicycle. The historian
James McGurn speaks of bets being taken in London in the 19th century
for riders of hobby-horses – machines pushed by the feet rather than
pedalled – outspeeding stage coaches. "One practitioner beat a
four-horse coach to Brighton by half an hour," he says. "There are
various accounts of 15 to 17-year-olds draisienne-touring around France
in the 1820s. On 17 February 1869 John Mayall, Charles Spencer and
Rowley Turner rode from Trafalgar Square, London, to Brighton in 15
hours for 53 miles. The Times, which had sent a reporter to follow them
in a coach and pair, reported an "Extraordinary Velocipede Feat." Three
riders set off from Liverpool to London, a journey of three days and so
more akin to modern cycle-touring, in March that same year. A newspaper
report said:
The Vacation Station Website
Journeys can equally be shorter and more anonymous. Cyclo-Camping
International makes a point of including shorter tours with children in
its annual presentation in Paris. But children have been the stimulus
for longer journeys. Among tours featured by Cyclo-Camping
International has been one by Brigitte and Nicolas Mercat and their
three children, five, seven and nine when they left France in July
2002. They rode through Peru, Bolivia, Argentina, Chile, New Zealand,
New Caledonia and Indonesia. They taught their children from school
books as they rode and returned to Chambéry to find that not only were
they ahead of their classmates but they had learned several languages
on the way.
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